Layout and structure of transmission shaft
发布时间：2017.07.24 新闻来源：邢台远拓汽车零部件制造有限公司
Since the drive axle and the frame are elastically connected, it is impossible to guarantee constant speed transmission under any circumstances by using a universal transmission device consisting of a cross axle universal joint, so a transmission shaft is used.
The function of universal transmission shaft
The automobile engine is fixed on the frame (girder) on the power output shaft position of the frame is fixed, and the driving wheel is fixed on the shaft, in order to shock, the axle is fixed on the frame through a spring bracket (girder) on the car through the uneven ground movement due to inertia reason, drive axle frame under continuous relative motion, so the cars to be horizontal movement more stable; the engine power output frame for fixing the position of shaft power will be transmitted to the drive axle of the frame changing position, need to be able to adapt to the requirements of the transmission device: universal transmission shaft, to ensure that the power of the engine in the process of changing the position of the drive shaft, effectively transmits the power to the wheels, driving the vehicle forward and backward.
The transmission shaft is arranged in the following forms:
1) single section drive shaft
When the driving distance is close, the drive shaft is only one section! The two ends of the transmission shaft are connected with the transmission and the drive axle respectively, and when assembled, the universal joint fork at both ends of the transmission shaft is in the same plane to meet the requirements of the constant speed transmission at full load.
2) double section drive shaft
When the driving distance is far away, two drive shafts and 3 universal joints are adopted. There are two types of layout:
The automobile gearbox output shaft and the intermediate shaft is not in a straight line, when fully loaded car between the two shafts approximately on a straight line, equivalent to only a drive shaft, the middle gimbal cannot change the angular velocity effect. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of full load constant speed transmission, two sections are combined as the whole transmission shaft, and the universal joint fork at both ends shall be mounted in the same plane. For this purpose, some cars specify that the universal joint forks at both ends of the middle drive shaft are perpendicular to each other, and the universal joint forks at the two ends of the main drive shaft are in the same plane.
The intermediate shaft and output shaft of transmission approximation in a straight line, the first joint does not change the angular velocity, the equivalent of a drive shaft, two universal joints, so long as the main drive shaft drive to meet.
3) three section drive shaft
The automobile shaft is divided into 3 sections, and the first two sections are the middle transmission shaft, which are respectively supported on the frame by the middle supporting shaft, and the latter section is the main transmission shaft. When assembling, the universal joint fork at each end of each drive shaft should be installed in the same plane to ensure constant speed transmission.
The transmission shaft of the off-road vehicle is arranged between the transmission to the actuator, the actuator and the drive axle, as shown in Figure 4.20, the layout of the drive shafts of the DF EQ2080 off-road vehicle.
From the transmission to the distributor
4, sub actuator to drive axle 1 and 7 in the distance, so using a transmission shaft, two universal joints. From the actuator to the rear drive bridge 10 distance is far, the drive shaft is divided into 3 sections, connected by 4 universal joints, but the middle section of the shaft as a middle support shaft supported on bridge shell. In this way, the full axis transmission output shaft and the actuator shaft, rear axle and 7 bridge 10 of the input shaft and intermediate supports 8 approximately parallel, and each section of both ends of the drive shaft universal joint fork are on the same plane, so as to satisfy approximately parallel, and approximately 1 front axle meet an isosceles triangle, so as to ensure the car for the approximation of the full speedtransmission.
Structure of drive shaft
The drive shaft is the main force components in the universal transmission device, it is usually connected to the transmission (or actuator) and drive axle 'in the drive to the bridge and drive off the bridge, and is used to connect the drive wheel differential steering mechanism' in the car, used to connect the steering shaft and steering gear.
The automobile transmission shaft is usually made of high strength hollow tube, in order to improve the rigidity and strength. It is welded by the thin steel plate with uniform thickness. The transmission shaft of the common light truck is an open tubular structure, and the transmission shaft of the super heavy automobile adopts the seamless steel tube directly.
In the open drive axle and steering drive axle, the speed of the wheel drive shaft is relatively low, and larger torque is needed to transmit. The solid transmission shaft is usually adopted. This section focuses on the transmission shaft used to connect the transmission and the drive axle.
